Boxplots (aka Box and Whisker plots) with outliers
Boxplots are a way of showing variation within a group (and often comparing that to another group). They were introduced by John Tukey in 1969. This one below shows a few key things: outliers, the top and bottom of the range, the middle 50%, and the middle value. Below we can look at an example: the variation in Reference Cost across 244 NHS providers.
Further reading
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